Basic Compositional Characteristics
Carbon Content: Generally in the medium-carbon range (0.3%–0.6% by mass), striking a balance between strength, hardness, toughness, and hardenability.
Alloying Elements: Includes elements such as Cr, Mn, W, Mo, and V to serve specific functions, such as strengthening the ferrite matrix, enhancing hardenability, promoting secondary hardening, and improving oxidation resistance.
Key Performance Characteristics
High-Temperature Mechanical Properties: Maintains high strength at temperatures between 400°C and 700°C; withstands high pressure and impact loads while resisting plastic deformation.
Excellent Thermal Stability:Mechanical properties at room temperature do not significantly degrade after prolonged exposure to high temperatures, preventing mold collapse or structural failure.
High Thermal Fatigue Resistance: Withstands repeated heating-cooling cycles and minimizes the formation of surface network-like thermal fatigue cracks, making it suitable for operations involving rapid thermal cycling.
High Wear Resistance: Retains high surface hardness under high-temperature friction, resisting wear, oxidative corrosion, and abrasion caused by hot metal and iron oxide scale.
Good Hardenability: Ensures uniform mechanical properties across the entire cross-section of large dies, preventing inadequate core properties.
Good Thermal Conductivity: Rapidly dissipates heat accumulated within the die, lowering the surface temperature and reducing thermal stress concentrations caused by internal temperature gradients.
Oxidation and Corrosion Resistance: Resists oxidation layer formation at high temperatures and withstands thermal erosion by molten metal, thereby extending the die's service life.
